Background

The use of oral vaccines has gained success in treating Poliomyelitis and Rotavirus. The oral vaccine contains live-attenuated polio virus or rotavirus and is in solution which requires refrigeration for storage/ transportation. Notwithstanding the above, immunization via mucosal routes (especially the oral route) receives relatively little attention when compared to systemic immunity. This is likely due to the technical difficulties in selecting an appropriate carrier for delivering the “cargo” into the body in view of the harsh environment along the GI tract. On the other hand, probiotics such as Lactobacillus casei have a unique cell wall which enables them to survive without being degraded by stomach acid and digestive enzymes. In contrast to other available oral vaccines in solution